What Is a NAICS Code and Why Does It Matter for Government Contracts?

May 24, 2026  •  5 min read
ExplainerNAICSBeginners

If you're looking at government contracts for the first time, you'll see "NAICS code" everywhere. Every solicitation has one. Every SAM.gov search lets you filter by one. Your business profile asks for them. But what are they, and why should you care?

NAICS Codes in Plain English

NAICS stands for North American Industry Classification System. It's a 6-digit number that tells the government what industry your business is in. Think of it as a ZIP code for your type of work.

When a government agency posts a contract, they assign a NAICS code to it. When you search for contracts, you can filter by your NAICS codes to find work that matches your capabilities.

The short version

NAICS codes are how the government categorizes what kind of work a contract is for. If you know your NAICS codes, you can find contracts that are specifically meant for businesses like yours.

How NAICS Codes Are Structured

NAICS codes have a hierarchy — from broad to specific:

DigitsLevelExample
54SectorProfessional, Scientific & Technical Services
541SubsectorProfessional, Scientific & Technical Services
5415Industry GroupComputer Systems Design & Related Services
54151IndustryComputer Systems Design & Related Services
541511National IndustryCustom Computer Programming Services

Most government contracts use the full 6-digit code. When you search on FedScanner, you can use any level — search 541 to see all professional services, or 541511 to see only custom programming.

Why NAICS Codes Matter for Government Contracts

1. They determine which contracts you see

If you're a cleaning company (NAICS 561720) and you search without a NAICS filter, you'll wade through thousands of IT contracts, construction bids, and medical supply orders. Your NAICS code narrows the field to contracts meant for your industry.

2. They determine your small business size standard

The SBA assigns a "size standard" to each NAICS code — usually a revenue threshold or employee count. If your business falls below that threshold for your NAICS code, you qualify as a "small business" for that type of work. This matters because:

3. They affect your SAM.gov registration

When you register your business on SAM.gov (required to bid on federal contracts), you list the NAICS codes that describe your work. This is how agencies find you when they're searching for capable vendors.

Common NAICS Codes for Government Contractors

CodeIndustrySize Standard
541511Custom Computer Programming$34M revenue
541512Computer Systems Design$34M revenue
236220Commercial Building Construction$45M revenue
561720Janitorial Services$22M revenue
561612Security Guards & Patrol Services$29M revenue
484110General Freight Trucking, Local$34M revenue
541611Administrative Management Consulting$24.5M revenue
238220Plumbing, Heating & AC Contractors$19M revenue
561730Landscaping Services$9.5M revenue
722310Food Service Contractors$34M revenue

Size standards are updated periodically by the SBA. Check sba.gov/size-standards for current thresholds.

How to Find Your NAICS Code

  1. Think about what your business actually does — not your job title, but the service or product you deliver. A company that installs security cameras might be 561621 (Security Systems Services) not 561612 (Security Guards).
  2. Search the NAICS directory — Go to census.gov/naics and search by keyword. You'll see a hierarchy of categories.
  3. Look at contracts you'd bid on — Search FedScanner for contracts in your industry. The NAICS code is listed on every solicitation. If you see contracts you'd want, note their NAICS codes.
  4. Register multiple codes — Most businesses qualify for 3-8 NAICS codes. A construction company might use 236220 (commercial building), 238210 (electrical), and 238220 (HVAC). List all that apply in your SAM.gov profile.
  5. Check your competitors — Look up businesses that do similar work on SAM.gov. See what NAICS codes they registered under.

Pro tip: Don't limit yourself to one code

Many small businesses register with just one NAICS code and miss contracts listed under related codes. An IT consulting firm should register under 541511, 541512, 541519, and 541611 at minimum. More codes = more opportunities in your search results.

Using NAICS Codes on FedScanner

FedScanner makes it easy to search by NAICS code:

Find contracts in your NAICS code

Search thousands of active federal contracts and grants filtered by your industry. Free — no account needed.

Search Contracts Now

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use more than one NAICS code?

Yes — and you should. Most businesses register 3-8 NAICS codes on SAM.gov. You can bid on any contract regardless of your registered codes, but having the right codes helps agencies find you and helps you find relevant opportunities.

What if the contract has a NAICS code I'm not registered under?

You can still bid on it. NAICS codes on contracts are for classification, not eligibility. However, the size standard for that NAICS code will be used to determine if you qualify as a small business for that specific contract.

How often do NAICS codes change?

The NAICS system is updated every 5 years (last updated 2022). Changes are usually minor — codes split, merge, or get new descriptions. The core structure stays stable.

What's the difference between NAICS and PSC codes?

NAICS codes classify your business industry. PSC (Product and Service Codes) classify what the government is buying. A contract might have NAICS 541511 (your industry: custom programming) and PSC D301 (what they're buying: IT facility operations). Both are useful for search, but NAICS is what you register under.